The development trend of The Surface treatment industry

Traditional surface technology is constantly innovating with the progress of science and technology. In The aspect of arc spraying, high speed arc spraying has been developed, which makes The quality of painting much improved. In the case of plasma spraying, the plasma spraying, reactive plasma spraying, three-cathode gun plasma spraying and micro-plasma spraying have been studied. The electroplating of friction electroplating and composite brush plating were studied. Powder coating technology has been developed in coating technology. In terms of bonding technology, high performance environmental friendly adhesive technology, nano-adhesive bonding technology and microencapsulation technology are developed. In the field of high energy beam, the technology of surface melting, surface quenching, surface alloying and surface melting are developed. In the case of ion implantation, after the injection of the strong current nitrogen ion, the injection technique and the injection of metal plasma were studied. In solving the problem of product surface engineering, the emerging surface technology complements the traditional surface technology and provides a broad choice for surface engineers.
The current situation and The development trend at home and abroad
Along with the development of the basic industries and high-tech products, to the needs of high quality, highly effective surface modification and coating technology to the deep, promote each other in this field at home and abroad and relevant fields, under the situation of such as "hot chemical surface modification", "high-energy plasma surface coating", "diamond film coating technology" and "surface modification and coating process simulation and performance prediction" has a breakthrough progress.
Current situation of surface modification of hot chemical and The development trend
In recent years, foreign countries have attached great importance to the research on the technology of carburizing and carburizing under controlled atmosphere conditions and vacuum conditions, and have been industrialized. However, there are few applications in China, and the relevant technical researches are not enough. Controlled atmosphere carburizing and vacuum carburizing technology is significantly shorten The production cycle, saving energy, saving time, at The same time can improve The quality of workpiece, oxidation and decarburization, ensure parts surface Corrosion resistant and fatigue resistance, and reduce The machining allowance and clean up The hours after heat treatment.
At present, the research results of international carbon potential control and monitoring have been applied to actual production, and on-line dynamic control of computer is used.
PVD, CVD, PCVD technology and The development trend
Various vapor deposition is a challenging research topic in the world famous research institutes and universities. Has the technology in the information, computer, semiconductor, optical instruments, and other industrial and electronic components, optoelectronic devices, solar cells, sensor pieces, such as manufacturing, they are widely used in the machinery industry, the production of hard wear resistant coating, Corrosion resistant coating, the thermal barrier coating and solid lubricating coatings have greater research and application, including the observatory and the popularity of coated cutting tool has caused a revolution in the field of cutting, diamond film, cubic boron nitride thin film research is also very hot, and has set up a push to the practical aspects.
On the basis of different PVD, CVDprocess, through the development and a lot of new process and equipment, such as IBAD, PCVD and hollow cathode arc composite ion coating equipment, ion implantation and oil sputtering or deposition of composite device, plasma immersion ion injection device, etc. To put this technology to a new height.
Compared with the development of foreign countries, China has more research in the above-mentioned aspects, but there is a greater difference in the level and the greater difference in the practical application.
Current situation of high energy plasma surface coating technology and The development trend
The technique is to increase surface physical chemical reaction and obtain special performance covering.
The core is more effective in enhancing and controlling The generation and function of cathode arc plasma. The United States, Japan and Germany have vigorously developed The technology. Plasma enhanced electrochemical surface modification technology, is currently the international development of active research field, the material such as aluminum, titanium, by means of plasma discharge that move light, enhance the electrochemical treatment effect, on the metal surface to generate dense alumina and other oxide ceramic membrane layer, can make the substrate surface, has the very high performance is the forefront of advanced manufacturing process technology, the machining with tool and die industry also has a prospect of application.
Diamond film coating technology
Diamond has excellent physical properties, in the complicated shape of cutting tool, mould, bit surface deposition on a very thin layer of diamond film, can improve the use performance of the workpiece, and meet the needs of some special conditions. In recent years, due to the excellent properties of diamond film and broad application prospect, Japan, the United States, Western Europe were a lot of research work, and developed a variety of diamond coating process technology, has been in the domestic and foreign research upsurge of diamond coating. Especially in improving the diamond coating and the substrate bonding strength, large areas of rapid deposition of diamond coating technology, the industrialization production of diamond film coating equipment system key technology abroad has been a breakthrough, such as the United States, Sweden and other countries have launched the diamond supply market of metal cutting tools, and the technology in our country has not yet reached practical level, urgently needs to develop and implement industrialization.
The current situation and The development trend of multi-layer composite coating technology
Single Surface coating can't satisfy the harsh working conditions in the design of Surface engineering, any Surface treatment has its advantages and disadvantages of different, because the use of different coating material performance advantages, in the substrate Surface to form multiple multilayer composite coating (including high gradient of the gradient layer) is of great significance. Has been carried out abroad single-layer coating thickness for nanoscale, layer over l00 layer of multivariate multilayer composite coating technology research, the preparation of the coating has high corrosion resistance, toughness and strength, and the combination of the matrix strength, low surface roughness, the essence of straight high-speed cutting machining ten people good. Foreign countries have been listed as the main development areas, and there will be new breakthroughs in the research and application of nano-level fine coating materials. Because composite coating technology with wear resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance, heat insulation, and other functions, can enlarge the coating products using range, prolong service life, is a in the next century will be the rapid development of the technology. China has begun to study and obtain preliminary results, but there are still some problems to be solved.
The present situation of surface modification and coating process simulation and performance prediction and The development trend
The surface modification and coating technology as an important part of surface engineering, has penetrated into traditional industry and high-tech industry sector, according to the requirements of application, in turn, promote the further development of the function of surface cladding technology. , according to the requirement for material surface design, the surface cutting performance parameters, and to meet certain requirements, and to further implement the organizational structure and properties of the surface layer and forecast and so on, has become an important research direction in this field. Overseas has on CVD, PVD, as well as other surface modification method to carry out computer simulation research, in view of the CVD process simulation of the macroscopic and microscopic multi-level model, the process and coating performance and simulate and predict the adhesion strength of the matrix; The process of process can be better controlled and optimized by computer simulation of carburizing, nitrification and seepage performance stress, etc. The research on this aspect of our country has just been in a super step.
There's a lot of new technology and technology in the Surface treatment that came out in 2010:
Composite surface technology has risen rapidly
With the development of single surface technology, the combination of two or more surface technologies has developed rapidly. Composite surface technology through a variety of process or The synergistic effect of surface of workpiece material system in technical indexes, reliability, and The quality of life and economy aspects so as to obtain The best effect, overcome The limitations of The single surface technology, solved a series of key technologies and high-tech industrial development in The special technical problems.
It is one of the important features of surface engineering to emphasize the combination of various surface engineering techniques.
Develop multiple functional coatings
Surface engineering a large number of tasks are to make the surface of parts and components to stave off corrosion, reduce wear and prolong fatigue life. With the development of industry, many special surface functional requirements have been put forward in the treatment of these three failures. Ship deck needs a non-slip coating, for example, modern equipment requires stealth coating, coating glasses of army officers and soldiers need to be protected against laser blinding, solar heating and power generation equipment need efficient absorption of heat in the coating and the photoelectric conversion coating on the tape recorder in the need to have a magnetic recording in the coating, non-stick pan needs a fluorine resin coating, glass curtain wall in the Building industry need to have a sun control film and so on. In the preparation of functional coatings, surface engineering can also be used to make a contribution.
Research and development of new coating materials
Surface coating material is an important material foundation for surface technology to solve engineering problems. Coating for the development of new materials, some of them are single compound or melting together, some are formed in the process of surface technology, after the birth of the coating material, further shows the function of surface engineering.
Extend the application area of surface engineering
Surface engineering has been used in mechanical products, information products, appliance products and Building decorations. But its depth is still not enough, and it is still common to not understand and apply surface engineering units and products.
The advantages and potential benefits of surface engineering are still not very good, and a great deal of publicity and promotion should be done. Application in our country has joined The world trade organization (wto), through surface engineering to improve The quality of products, reduce production cost, improve The packaging of our products and enhance market competitiveness, should also be one of The major initiatives.
The extension of surface engineering in biological engineering has aroused people's attention and the prospect is very broad. Surface repair, such as the hips, the most common composite material is on the high density polyethylene polymer plating cobalt chromium alloy, service life can amount to 15 ~ 25 years, and developed in recent years hydroxyapatite (HAP) materials, it is a kind of important bioactivity material, and the bones and teeth, inorganic elements are very similar, have good biocompatibility, buried after human body easy to combine with new bone. However, HAP material is brittle and large. Some scholars use surface engineering techniques to make HAP particles and metal Ni co-deposited on stainless steel substrate and achieve a solid binding.
With the change of the professional production mode and the enhancement of people's environmental awareness, it is also an important trend to call on Surface treatment to transfer to the raw material manufacturing industry.
Much household electrical appliances manufacturers welcome is prepainted color steel plate, it is in the metal material surface coated with a layer of organic material of new varieties, with organic material Corrosion resistant and colorful, and metal materials characteristics such as high strength, but molding, only for its proper shear, bending, stamping and shell connections can be made into a variety of products, not only simplifies the processing process, also reduced the investment of household electrical appliances manufacturers processing equipment, an excellent material for home appliances shell.
The surface processing task of the automobile industry is heavy, and calls for surface engineering to be handled by automobile manufacturers now, and to be processed on the basis of the manufacture of raw materials. This transformation is not a simple transfer of the Surface treatment task, but more importantly, a measure of energy saving, saving materials and environmental protection. It can simplify the process of removing oil and removing rust. It can also use the residual heat after rolling steel and reduce energy consumption. In some western European steel mills, Surface treatment for semi-finished products, such as heat treatment, hot dip plating, phosphating, passivation, etc.
To serve the country's major construction projects
In the development of new military aircraft, advanced adhesive technology, special heat treatment technology, surface modification technology, thin film technology and coating technology have all played an important role.
The development of absorbent material provides an important material basis for equipment stealth.
The three gorges project is not so much a civil engineering as a steel project, and the steel gate is 72 percent of the length of the 2309.47m dam. In the three gorges project, all mechanical equipment, metal structure, hydraulic gate and tunnel, bridge, highway, wharf and storage and transportation equipment are inseparable from surface engineering. In the national science and technology research projects, such as "purpose", ">", "price" and "five-year" research on the arrangement of the project and the three gorges project to argumentation and design review, the application of surface engineering has always been a study and discussion of one of the important topics. The selection of surface technology and coating materials, the preparation of spraying process and surface electrochemical protection are all important in the development of major equipment of the three gorges.
Reduce negative environmental impacts
Tell from the macro, surface engineering of energy saving, material saving, environmental protection has significant effectiveness, but on the surface of the concrete technology, such as coating, plating, heat treatment has the "three wastes" emissions, will cause a certain degree of pollution. Now, the cyanide electroplating has been largely replaced by Without the electrolytic electroplating, some of which are beneficial to environmental protection. At present, in the field of surface engineering, the closed cycle is put forward to achieve zero emission and realize the goal of "three wastes" comprehensive utilization. As for some small and medium-sized enterprises, it is far from the above goals. On the whole, surface engineers still have a long and arduous task to reduce environmental negative effects.
Surface engineering is a comprehensive, diverse and widely functional and potentially innovative method, which is highly valued by all walks of life. The economic benefits are even more remarkable. At present, our country technology is complete, some surface technical equipment, materials and process have reached the international advanced level. According to incomplete statistics, China has achieved tens of billions of yuan in economic benefits since the sixth five-year plan for the application of surface engineering in the field of equipment maintenance and manufacturing. Therefore, surface engineering will continue to develop rapidly in the 21st century, which will play a positive role in promoting the overall level of science and technology and economic development in the 21st century.